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"The Agreement between the Governments of Japan and Korea", commonly called "The Treaty of Eulsa", was singed on November 17,1905 by Hayashi Konsuke and Bak Jesun. But it was incomplete as an legally valid international agreement, since it was merely signed by the Japanese Minister to Korea and the Korean foreign minister. The Emperor of Korea refused to ratify the agreement. Moreover, it was executed under coercion, whish could not claim to conform to the principle of international law recognized by civilized nations as the axiom pacta sund servanda requires. However, without any support from "the international community, Korea became under the Japanese control as its protectorate.
The Korean peninsular at the beginning of the twentieth century was tantamount to a power vacuum. And it caused rivalries between imperialist powers interested in the region until equilibrium was established in the Far East. In its course, there were the Russian-Japanese War, the Treaty of Porthsmouth, "the Korean Clause" of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance of 1905, "the Taft-Katsura Memorandum" of July 27, 1905 between William Howard Taft, the secretary of war of the United States, and Katsura Taro, the Japanese premier, "the Kaiser-Roosevelt Understanding" of September 27, 1904 between Emperor William Ⅱ of Germany and President Theodore Roosevelt of the United States, and "the Rouvier-Bertie talk" of September 9, 1905 between the M. Rouvier, French foreign minster, and C. Bertie, British ambassador.
These understandings among imperialist powers were important for the destiny of Korean people. However, most of them ignored the concerns of Koreans. Although the Anglo-Japanese alliance and the Korean clause of 1905, which allowed Japanese protectorate over Korea with the reservation of the respect of the treaty rights of other nations, was made public immediately after its conclusion, the "Taft-Katsura memorandum" of 1905, in which Roosevelt allows the Japanese suzerainty over Korea without any reservation became public only in August 1924 by Tyler Denneff, who came across it at the library of Congress. Even by that time, "the Kaiser-Roosevelt agreement", which decided to allow Japanese take over of Korea on the condition of the open door in the region and the "Rouvier-Bertie Talk", in which France recognized "Korean clause" in the second Anglo-Japanese alliance, were not disclosed.
The Korean peninsular at the beginning of the twentieth century was tantamount to a power vacuum. And it caused rivalries between imperialist powers interested in the region until equilibrium was established in the Far East. In its course, there were the Russian-Japanese War, the Treaty of Porthsmouth, "the Korean Clause" of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance of 1905, "the Taft-Katsura Memorandum" of July 27, 1905 between William Howard Taft, the secretary of war of the United States, and Katsura Taro, the Japanese premier, "the Kaiser-Roosevelt Understanding" of September 27, 1904 between Emperor William Ⅱ of Germany and President Theodore Roosevelt of the United States, and "the Rouvier-Bertie talk" of September 9, 1905 between the M. Rouvier, French foreign minster, and C. Bertie, British ambassador.
These understandings among imperialist powers were important for the destiny of Korean people. However, most of them ignored the concerns of Koreans. Although the Anglo-Japanese alliance and the Korean clause of 1905, which allowed Japanese protectorate over Korea with the reservation of the respect of the treaty rights of other nations, was made public immediately after its conclusion, the "Taft-Katsura memorandum" of 1905, in which Roosevelt allows the Japanese suzerainty over Korea without any reservation became public only in August 1924 by Tyler Denneff, who came across it at the library of Congress. Even by that time, "the Kaiser-Roosevelt agreement", which decided to allow Japanese take over of Korea on the condition of the open door in the region and the "Rouvier-Bertie Talk", in which France recognized "Korean clause" in the second Anglo-Japanese alliance, were not disclosed.
목차
Ⅰ. 서언
Ⅱ. 제2차 영일동맹의 한국조항
Ⅲ. 태프트-가쓰라 메모
Ⅳ. 독일과 미국간의 카이저-루즈벨트 합의
Ⅴ. 프랑스와 러시아간의 루비에-버티 협의
Ⅵ. 결어
〈Abstract〉
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