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The US on May 20 has decided to bring a WTO trade case against the EU over EU's ban imports of genetically modified organisms. Therefore, the WTO is obliged to settle dispute related to GMOs between US and EU.
This paper studies on regulatory characteristic on GMOs of US and EU, and the WTO rules including trade restrictive measures for safety and environmental protection in aspect of regulatory belief, pradigm and focus, principle of substantial equivalence, precautionary principle, labelling, risk-assessment factors and risk-management factors etc.
The US's regulation on GMOs, scientific rationality-based, seeks after market access and technological progress on the assumption that the technological process of genetic modification itself is not risky to human health and environment. On the other hand the EU's regulation on that, social rationality-based, pursuits technological precaution and social responsiveness on the assumption that the technological process of genetic modification itself is risky to human health and environment. The dispute relating to GMOs was derived from the difference of regulatory characteristic between US and EU. The WTO charging of dispute settlement, scientific justification-based, seeks after improvement of market efficiency and effectiveness through free trade and technological progress. So the WTO supports for the application of precautionary principle based on scientific risk-assessment and risk-management for prevention and reduction of the actual risk.
Considering to the regulatory characteristic relating to GMOs of US and EU and the characteristic of the WTO rules including trade restrictive measures for safety and environmental protection, the WTO supports for the view of the US with the exception of labelling requirements. Moreover, taking into account a strict application of necessity, proportionality and least trade restrictiveness by a WTO it seems likely to be more difficult that the EU's trade restrictive measures on GMOs will be ensured the justification by a WTO rules.
This paper studies on regulatory characteristic on GMOs of US and EU, and the WTO rules including trade restrictive measures for safety and environmental protection in aspect of regulatory belief, pradigm and focus, principle of substantial equivalence, precautionary principle, labelling, risk-assessment factors and risk-management factors etc.
The US's regulation on GMOs, scientific rationality-based, seeks after market access and technological progress on the assumption that the technological process of genetic modification itself is not risky to human health and environment. On the other hand the EU's regulation on that, social rationality-based, pursuits technological precaution and social responsiveness on the assumption that the technological process of genetic modification itself is risky to human health and environment. The dispute relating to GMOs was derived from the difference of regulatory characteristic between US and EU. The WTO charging of dispute settlement, scientific justification-based, seeks after improvement of market efficiency and effectiveness through free trade and technological progress. So the WTO supports for the application of precautionary principle based on scientific risk-assessment and risk-management for prevention and reduction of the actual risk.
Considering to the regulatory characteristic relating to GMOs of US and EU and the characteristic of the WTO rules including trade restrictive measures for safety and environmental protection, the WTO supports for the view of the US with the exception of labelling requirements. Moreover, taking into account a strict application of necessity, proportionality and least trade restrictiveness by a WTO it seems likely to be more difficult that the EU's trade restrictive measures on GMOs will be ensured the justification by a WTO rules.
목차
Ⅰ. 문제제기
Ⅱ. 미국-EU간 GMOs 마찰원인-규제특성차이
Ⅲ. 안전성확보를 위한 WTO 규정특성
Ⅳ. WTO의 GMOs 분쟁조정방향
Ⅴ. 요약 및 결론
참고문헌
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2010-326-002882671