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학술저널
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한국셰익스피어학회 Shakespeare Review Shakespeare Review Vol.40 No.1
발행연도
2004.3
수록면
91 - 113 (23page)

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King John has been neglected because it does not fall within the broad scope of the first or second tetralogy, and scorned as unpopular and untheatrical. In addition, much debate of its structure, characterization, and language hasn't been in a favorable view or angle. In this sense, many scholars have pointed that its structure is poorly unified, its characterization inconsistent, and its language indecorous. Especially, its structure has been mainly regarded as episodic and diffuse. However, some scholars maintain that King John shows a structural unity and an ingenious design.
This paper aims to investigate the structural pattern of King John by examining the dramatic action of its central characters and its main themes. Above all, the play can be viewed as having a balanced structure based on the divergent fates of John and the Bastard. As Adrian Bonjour argued, King John's career shows a falling curve and the Bastard Faulconbridge's career a rising curve. John's fortunes begin to turn when he orders Arthur's death. Inversely, Faulconbridge rises from an obscure to a noble figure royal to England. In this sense, its structure can be seen as having a proper balance throughout the play.
The structural unity of the play can be also examined by a systematic investigation of the opposing themes of legitimacy and commodity. A succession of episodes in this play are linked with an organic unity in its structure, that's why the events or episodes of the play are associated with the opposing values of legitimacy and commodity. Also in the conflicts between John and Arthur, the Bastard and Robert, Eleanor and Constance, John and Pandulph, John and Lewis, the Earls and John, and Lewis and Pandulph, each side has not only some legitimacy but also some commodity in making political decisions. In this aspect, it is not surprising that we can find out the structural unity by investigating the major themes of each episode in King John.

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