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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2004.9
- 수록면
- 131 - 161 (31page)
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Throughout the history of Latin America, festivals have played an important role in shaping everyday lives of the people. In the pre-Columbian and colonial society, rural indigenous societies had actively participated in various festivals to celebrate certain essential communal events or activities. These festivals were used to facilitate the social cohesion of members and to maintain social identity in a given society. Especially, Latin American festivals, like other cultural aspects, are distinguished by their syncretic nature combining the indigenous and European cultures.
In the contemporary societies, many festivals have been transformed since the independence from Europe in relation to the concomitant socioeconomic and cultural changes. For example, many festivals are highly commercialized to gain economic profits and their religious meanings have been gradually weakened because of the declining importance of religion in the daily lives of the contemporary society. These phenomena can be clearly manifested in the Guelaguetza of Oaxaca, Mexico and Carnival of Rio, Brazil.
In Guelaguetza, originated in indigenous Zapotec custom of gift-giving, people celebrated a goddess in charge of corn, an indispensable agricultural product in the indigenous societies, during the rainy season of July. Many people in the surrounding areas were voluntarily participating in this event to share what they produced in their own communities. However during the colonial period, christian forms and meanings were included in this festival by the Spanish conquistadores. Nowadays, Guelaguetza is controlled by the government agency and people have to pay to be admitted to this festival held in an amphitheater.
Rio's Carnival has been heavily influenced by the European and African cultures at the same time. But it has been slowly losing its Christian characteristics and adding new elements to attract more customers in the contemporary society due to endless efforts to make it more lucrative one by commercial enterprises and professional entertainers. Rather than focusing on the solidarity and social homogeneity among black participants, it aims at increasing economic profits as a culture industry.
To conclude, contemporary Latin American festivals have been undergone tremendous changes and become a part of popular culture as they are controlled by business-oriented entrepreneurs.
In the contemporary societies, many festivals have been transformed since the independence from Europe in relation to the concomitant socioeconomic and cultural changes. For example, many festivals are highly commercialized to gain economic profits and their religious meanings have been gradually weakened because of the declining importance of religion in the daily lives of the contemporary society. These phenomena can be clearly manifested in the Guelaguetza of Oaxaca, Mexico and Carnival of Rio, Brazil.
In Guelaguetza, originated in indigenous Zapotec custom of gift-giving, people celebrated a goddess in charge of corn, an indispensable agricultural product in the indigenous societies, during the rainy season of July. Many people in the surrounding areas were voluntarily participating in this event to share what they produced in their own communities. However during the colonial period, christian forms and meanings were included in this festival by the Spanish conquistadores. Nowadays, Guelaguetza is controlled by the government agency and people have to pay to be admitted to this festival held in an amphitheater.
Rio's Carnival has been heavily influenced by the European and African cultures at the same time. But it has been slowly losing its Christian characteristics and adding new elements to attract more customers in the contemporary society due to endless efforts to make it more lucrative one by commercial enterprises and professional entertainers. Rather than focusing on the solidarity and social homogeneity among black participants, it aims at increasing economic profits as a culture industry.
To conclude, contemporary Latin American festivals have been undergone tremendous changes and become a part of popular culture as they are controlled by business-oriented entrepreneurs.
목차
Ⅰ. 라틴 아메리카의 역사와 축제
Ⅱ. 사회적 변화와 축제
Ⅲ. 멕시코의 겔라겟사 축제
Ⅳ. 브라질의 카니발
Ⅴ. 현대사회와 축제
Ⅵ. 결론
Abstract
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2010-950-002754152