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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
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한국라틴아메리카학회 라틴아메리카연구 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.17 No.4
발행연도
2004.12
수록면
5 - 43 (39page)

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While most Latin American countries have experienced neoliberal economic policies along with the process of democratization, Chile, unlike other Latin American countries, have shown relative stability in political and economic terms. Chile's experience has been outstanding in making progress in social aspects such as income distribution among others, while achieving economic growth at the same time, After all, it earned the title "Myth of Success". It is the objective of this study to delve into economic-social policies of Chilean democratic regime and explain their performances and limitations.
Chilean democratic regime executed export-centered growth strategies along with neoliberal economic policies and achieved high rate of economic growth and export expansion. On the other hand, its excessive dependence on natural resources and their simple processings resulted in the collapse of manufacturing industry and regionally uneven development. The democratic regime succeeded in raising minimum wages consistently and reducing the poor in its size by means of active intervention policies. In this sense, the so-called “Myth of Success” is attributable to the governments' export promotion policies and active social policies rather than to the neoliberal economic policies.
The “Myth of Success” of Chilean democratic regime can be called an early 1990s phenomenon. Income inequality relatively weakened during the first half of the 1990s owing to the regime's active social policies, but began to worsen in the latter half of the 1990s and approached to the level which it inherited from the military regime. In the latter half of the 1990s, the rate of poverty reduction began to slow down, the unemployment rate soared up again and the informal sector still remained large as ever. While, owing to the policies for the flexibilization of labor under the rubric of neoliberal economic model, the private sector tend to rely, more than ever, on mass redundancies and replaces regular workers by irregular workers, the effect of economic growth and active social policies should be contained, so that the “Myth of Success” has only a remote possibility to come back, if it was there ever.

목차

Ⅰ. 들어가는 말
Ⅱ. 군사 정권의 유산과 민주 정권의 선택
Ⅲ. 민주 정권의 경제정책과 경제성장
Ⅳ. 민주 정권의 사회정책과 효과
Ⅴ. 맺음말
Abstract
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