지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2015.10
- 수록면
- 449 - 460 (12page)
이용수
초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
Carbonaceous aerosol is generally classified into OC (organic carbon) and EC (elemental carbon) by thermal optical analysis. Both NIOSH (National institute of occupational safety and health) with high temperature (HighT) and IMPROVE-A (Interagency monitoring of protected visual environments) with low temperature (LowT) protocols are widely used. In this study, both protocols were applied for ambient PM2.5 samples (Daejeon, Korea) in order to underpin differences in OC and EC measurements. An excellent agreement between NIOSH and IMPROVE-A protocol was observed for TC (total carbon). However, significant differences between OC and EC appeared and the differences were larger for EC than OC. The main differences between two protocols are temperature profile and charring correction method. For the same charring correction method, HighT_OC was 10% higher than LowT_OC, while HighT_EC was 15% and 33% lower than LowT_EC for TOT (thermal-optical transmittance) and TOR (thermal-optical reflectance), respectively. This difference may be caused by the temperature of OC4 in He step and possibly difference in POC (pryorilized OC) formation. For the same temperature profile, OC by TOT was about 26% higher than that by TOR. In contrast, EC by TOT was about 50% lower than that by TOR. POC was also dependent on both temperature profile and the charring correction method, showing much distinctive differences for the charring correction method (i.e., POC by TOT to POC by TOR ratio is about 2). This difference might be caused by different characteristics between transmittance and reflectance for monitoring POC formation within filters.
Results from this study showed that OC and EC depends on applied analysis protocol as shown other studies. Because of the nature of the thermal optical analysis, it may not be possible to have an absolute standard analysis protocol that is applicable for any ambient PM2.5. Nevertheless, in order to provide consistent measurement results for scientists and policy makers, future studies should focus on developing a harmonized standard analysis protocol that is suitable for a specific air domain and minimizes variations in OC and EC measurement results. In addition, future elaborate studies are required to find and understand the causes of the differences.
Results from this study showed that OC and EC depends on applied analysis protocol as shown other studies. Because of the nature of the thermal optical analysis, it may not be possible to have an absolute standard analysis protocol that is applicable for any ambient PM2.5. Nevertheless, in order to provide consistent measurement results for scientists and policy makers, future studies should focus on developing a harmonized standard analysis protocol that is suitable for a specific air domain and minimizes variations in OC and EC measurement results. In addition, future elaborate studies are required to find and understand the causes of the differences.
목차
Abstract
1. 서론
2. 실험방법
3. 결과 및 고찰
4. 결론
References
참고문헌 (25)
참고문헌 신청
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Birch, M. E. / 1998 / Analysis of carbonaceous aerosols: interlaboratory comparison / Analyst 123 (5) : 851 ~ 857
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Birch, M.E. / 1996 / Elemental carbon-based method for monitoring occupational exposures to particulate diesel exhaust / Aerosol Sci. Technol. 25 (3) : 221 ~ 241
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Cavalli, F. / 2010 / Toward a standardised thermal-optical protocol for measuring atmospheric organic and elemental carbon: the EUSAAR protocol / Atmos. Meas. Techn. 3 (1) : 79 ~ 89
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Chen, L. W. A. / 2004 / Modeling reflectance and transmittance of quartz-fiber filter samples containing elemental carbon particles: Implications for thermal/optical analysis / J. Aerosol Sci. 35 (6) : 765 ~ 780
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Cheng, Y. / 2010 / Improved measurement of carbonaceous aerosol: evaluation of the sampling artifacts and inter-comparison of the thermal-optical analysis methods / Atmos. Chem. Phys. 10 (17) : 8533 ~ 8548
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Birch, M.E. / 1996 / Elemental carbon-based method for monitoring occupational exposures to particulate diesel exhaust / Aerosol Sci. Technol. 25 (3) : 221 ~ 241
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Cavalli, F. / 2010 / Toward a standardised thermal-optical protocol for measuring atmospheric organic and elemental carbon: the EUSAAR protocol / Atmos. Meas. Techn. 3 (1) : 79 ~ 89
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Chen, L. W. A. / 2004 / Modeling reflectance and transmittance of quartz-fiber filter samples containing elemental carbon particles: Implications for thermal/optical analysis / J. Aerosol Sci. 35 (6) : 765 ~ 780
[학술지(정기간행물)] - Cheng, Y. / 2010 / Improved measurement of carbonaceous aerosol: evaluation of the sampling artifacts and inter-comparison of the thermal-optical analysis methods / Atmos. Chem. Phys. 10 (17) : 8533 ~ 8548
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2016-539-002091657