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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
법무부 국제법무정책과 통상법률 통상법률 제60호
발행연도
2004.12
수록면
88 - 130 (43page)

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The rapid development of biotechnology might open the door to lead to a solution of various problems with which human society has been struggling to eliminate or alleviate, such as famine, decease and environmental pollution. Biotechnology has also been considered as a dangerous technology to bring some risks to human health and environment. To cope with the danger arising from the development of biotechnology and the use of results of the technology, international society has been trying to adopt international documents, such as OECD recommendations, UNEP guidelines and Cartagena Biosafety Protocol. There could be a conflict between the regulation of biotechnology and its results, genetically modified organisms and the WTO rules, because the terms of both international biosafety regulations and WTO rules could apply to the international trade of genetically modified organisms that may pose risks to the human health and environment. The article analyzes the contents and present situation of the international regulation of biosafety with special emphasis on the Cartagena Biosafety Protocol. The article is also to see if there is any possibility of conflict between international regulation of biosafety and WTO rules. Then, methods of harmonization of the two norms is seeked in the last part of the article. The prevention of import of genetically modified organisms and products using genetically modified organisms and the application of "precautionary principle" could, at least technically, conflict with WTO rules. The harmonized interpretation of two rules could be tried and the biosafety criterion provided in the international biosafety related documents could be incorporated in the WTO rules. The Contracting Parties of the Biosafety Protocol could adopt a subsequent agreement to clarify the relationship with WTO rules.

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