목적: 24개월 이하의 발달성 고관절 탈구 환아에서 도수 정복과 관혈적 정복의 치료 효과를 판단하고 예후 인자를 알아보자고 한다. 대상 및 방법: 24개월 이하에서 발달성 고관절 탈구로 치료받고 5년 이상 추시하였던 90 고관절(도수 정복 29예, 관혈적 정복 61예)을 대상으로 하였다. 치료 결과 판정은 Severin 분류를 이용하였다(I&II군, 만족군; III&IV군, 불만족군). 예후 인자를 평가하기 위해 비구지수, Yamamuro 거리 a와 b, teardrop 형태, center-edge 각(C-E각), 비구의 sourcil 형태를 측정하였다. 결과: 최종 추시상 치료 결과는 전체 90 고관절에서 만족군은 67예(74.4%), 불만족군은 23예(25.6%)였다. 도수 정복군 29예에서 만족군은 23예(79.3%), 불만족군은 6예(20.7%)였으며, 관혈적 정복군 61예에서 만족군은 44예(72.1%), 불만족군은 17예(27.9%)로 치료 방법에 따른 결과의 차이는 없었다. 만족군과 불만족군의 비교 시, 정복 후 1년간 비구지수의 개선의 정도가 만족군에서 8.1도(23.4%), 불만족군에서 6.7도(18.5%)였다(p=0.012). 또한 정복 후 3년째 C-E각은 만족군에서 17.2도, 불만족군에서 11.6도였다(p=0.001). 정복 후 5년째 V 형태의 teardrop 및 상방의 비구 sourcil 형태가 만족군에서 2예(3.0%), 4예(6.0%), 불만족군에서 3예(13.0%), 5예(21.7%)로 의미있는 차이를 보였다(p=0.023, 0.005). 결론: 정복 후 1년 추시상 비구 지수의 감소 정도가 적거나 정복 후 3년 추시상 C-E각이 작을 경우, 5년 추시상 상향의 비구 sourcil 형태 및 V 형태의 teardrop을 보일 경우 불만족군으로 예측할 수 있는 인자로 볼 수 있을 것이다.
Purpose: The aims of this study are to evaluate the outcome of treatment for developmental dislocation of the hip (DDH) in children under the age of 24 months who underwent open reduction (OR) or closed reduction (CR) and to determine radiologic prognostic factor. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 hips of 88 children under the age of 24 months treated for DDH were included. The treatments for these children were CR in 29 hips and OR in 61 hips. All patients were followed up for more than 5 years. Radiographic evaluations, including acetabular index (AI), Yamamuro’s distance a and b, center-edge angle (CEA), sourcil shape, and teardrop shape have been proposed to indicate the degree of DDH. Hips were reclassified according to the Severin criteria (classes I and II, satisfactory; classes III and IV, unsatisfactory). Results: Among the 90 hips, 67 hips (74.4%) were included in the ‘satisfactory group’, while 23 hips (25.6%) were included in the ‘unsatisfactory group’. In the CR group, 23 hips (79.3%) were included in the ‘satisfactory group’, while 6 hips (20.7%) were included in the ‘unsatisfactory group’. In the OR group, 44 hips (72.1%) were included in the ‘satisfactory group’, while 17 hips (27.9%) were included in the ‘unsatisfactory group’. There was no significant difference between the reduction methods. At 1 year follow-up after reduction, the AI improvement in the ‘satisfactory group’ (8.1° [23.4%]) was significantly higher than that in the ‘unsatisfactory group’ (6.7° [18.5%]) (p=0.012). A significant difference of the mean CEA values was observed between the ‘satisfactory group’ and the ‘unsatisfactory group’ 3 years after the treatment (p=0.001). Five years after reduction, the V shape of teardrop and the upward shape of acetabular sourcil were observed in 2 hips (3.0%) and 4 hips (6.0%) of the ‘satisfactory group’, respectively, whereas the corresponding findings were observed in 3 hips (13.0%) and 5 hips (21.7%) of the ‘unsatisfactory group’, respectively (p=0.023, 0.005). Conclusion: The improvement of AI at 1-year and CEA at 3-year follow-ups, as well as teardrop shape and sourcil shape at 5-year followup, were reliable radiographic prognostic factor of DDH.