본 연구에서는 고용보험 DB, 워크넷 DB, 일모아 DB, 실업급여 DB 및 고용서비스사업내역 DB의 통합자료를 대상으로 한 실증분석을 통해 국내 청년층의 노동시장진입 현황과 고용 성과에 대해 살펴보았다. 분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청년층 중 약 56.83%는 상용직 취업을 희망하고 있으며, 청년층 내에서도 연령이 높을수록 희망 고용형태로 상용직을 선호하고, 사회 및 공학 전공계열 청년층 그룹에서 상용직 취업 희망 비중이 가장 높았다. 또한 중소기업 재직경험 청년층일수록 희망하는 고용형태는 상용직 비중이 높았으며, 가장 선호하는 직종은 경영 및 행정 사무직이었다. 둘째, 청년층의 취업 현황을 살펴본 결과, 여성, 저 연령, 중졸 이하, 인문 및 예체능 계열, 비자발적 실업 경험 청년층의 구직기간이 상대적으로 길게 나타났다. 셋째, 청년층의 취업성과에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 살펴본 결과, 공공 고용서비스 지원 사업에 참여한 청년층 그룹과 여성 청년층 및 취약 계층 청년들이 취업할 확률이 낮게 나타나, 이들 청년층 그룹이 노동시장 진입 자체에 있어서어려움을 겪는 고용 취약계층에 해당할 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 이들청년층 그룹의 노동시장 진입을 돕기 위한 공적 지원 정책이 추가적으로 모색될 필요성이 있다고 본다.
In this study, we examined the labor market entry status and employment performance of young people in Korea through empirical analysis of integrated data from the Employment Insurance DB, Worknet DB, Ilmoa DB, Unemployment Benefit DB, and Employment Service Business Details DB. The analysis results are summarized as follows. First, about 56.83% of the young people hope to get a full-time job, and even within the youth group, the older they get, the more they prefer a full-time job as their desired form of employment, and the proportion of young people majoring in social studies and engineering had the highest percentage of people wanting to get a full-time job.
In addition, the more young people have experience working at small and medium-sized enterprises, the more likely they are to have full-time employment, and the most preferred occupations are management and administrative office work. Second, as a result of examining the employment status of young people in Korea, the job search period was found to be relatively long for women, young people, middle school graduates or younger, those in humanities, arts and physical education, and those with experience of involuntary unemployment. Third, as a result of examining the factors that affect the employment performance of domestic youth, it was found that youth groups that participated in public employment service support projects, female youth, and youth from vulnerable groups had a low probability of being employed, making it difficult for these youth groups to enter the labor market itself. It was found that there was a high probability that they would fall into the employment-vulnerable class that was experiencing difficulties. Therefore, it appears that there is a need to explore additional public support policies to help these youth groups enter the labor market.