미세먼지에 관한 환경교육 프로그램이 초등학생의 미세먼지에 대한 지식·인식과 태도에 미치는 영향
안 선 영
부산교육대학교 교육대학원
초등과학영재교육전공
( 지도교수 소 금 현 )
본 연구의 목적은 미세먼지에 대한 환경교육 프로그램이 초등학생의 미세먼지에 대한 지식·인식과 태도에 미치는 영향을 검증하는 데 있다. 연구의 방법은 부산시의 초등학교 4학년 학생 24명을 대상으로 미세먼지에 관한 환경교육 프로그램을 적용하고 미세먼지에 대한 지식·인식과 태도의 변화에 관한 사전·사후 설문조사 결과를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 미세먼지에 관한 환경교육 프로그램은 초등학생들의 미세먼지 지식·인식 향상에 효과적이다. 본 프로그램을 적용하기 전과 비교해 프로그램을 적용한 후 학생들은 미세먼지의 개념, 미세먼지에의 대처법, 미세먼지가 미치는 영향을 정확하게 이해하였으며 미세먼지에 대한 전반적인 지식을 얻었다. 둘째, 미세먼지에 관한 환경교육 프로그램은 초등학생들의 미세먼지에 대한 태도 함양에 긍정적인 영향을 준다. 본 프로그램을 적용하기 전과 비교하여 프로그램을 적용한 후 미세먼지에 관한 관심이 늘어났으며, 일상생활에서 미세먼지에 대처하고자 하는 실천을 증진하고, 미세먼지 발생을 줄이기 위한 행동 의지를 다지는 등의 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 미세먼지에 관한 환경교육 프로그램은 초등학생의 환경에 대한 인식변화에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다. 학생과의 면담을 분석한 결과 프로그램을 처치하기 전보다 프로그램을 처치한 후 미세먼지뿐만 아니라 다른 환경오염에도 관심이 생겼으며, 일상생활에서 환경보호를 위한 실천을 꾸준히 이어나가는 효과가 있었다. 위 연구 결과를 바탕으로 후속 연구를 위해 다음과 같이 제언하고자 한다. 첫째, 본 연구에서는 동일한 집단에 사전, 사후 검사를 시행하여 프로그램의 효과를 분석하였다. 미세먼지와 관련된 환경교육 프로그램이 초등학생의 미세먼지에 대한 지식·인식 및 태도에 미치는 효과를 보다 체계적으로 확인하기 위해서 사전-사후 검사 통제집단 설계를 이용한 후속 연구가 필요하다. 둘째, 본 연구에서는 4학년 학생 24명을 연구 집단으로 하여 프로그램의 효과를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 미세먼지에 관한 환경교육 프로그램을 더 많은 학습 현장에서 실시하여 이 방식의 효과를 일반화할 수 있는지 확인하는 후속 연구가 필요하다. 셋째, 본 연구에서 미세먼지에 관한 환경교육 프로그램이 초등학생들의 미세먼지에 대한 지식·인식 및 태도에 긍정적인 변화를 일으킨다는 것이 검증되었으므로 앞으로 다양하고 풍부한 미세먼지와 관련된 환경교육 프로그램을 개발하는 후속 연구가 이어져야 할 것이다.
* 주제어 : 미세먼지 교육, 미세먼지에 대한 지식·인식, 미세먼지에 대한 태도
* 본 논문은 2020년 8월 부산교육대학교 교육대학원 위원회에 제출된 교육학석사학위 논문임. * 본 논문은 2020년 3월 한국환경학회에 게재된 논문을 수정 보완하여 작성되었음.
ABSTRACT
The Effects of Environmental Education Program on Fine Dust on Elementary School Students'' Knowledge·Perception and Attitude of the Fine Dust
An, Seon Young
Major in Elementary Gifted Education in Science Graduate School of Education Busan National University of Education
Supervised by Professor : So, Keum-hyun
The purpose of this study is to verify the effects of environmental education program on fine dust on elementary school students'' knowledge, perception and attitude of the fine dust. The method of this study was to apply the environmental education program on fine dust to 24 students in the fourth grade of elementary school in Busan and to analyze the results of the pre- and post-survey on the change of knowledge, perception and attitude about fine dust. The results of this study are as follows. First, the environmental education program on fine dust is effective in improving elementary school students'' knowledge and perception of fine dust. After applying this program, students understood the concept of fine dust, how to deal with fine dust, and the effect of fine dust accurately, and gained overall knowledge about fine dust. Second, environmental education programs on fine dust have a positive effect on elementary school students'' attitude toward fine dust. Interest in fine dust increased after applying the program compared to before applying this program, and it was found to have positive effects such as promoting practice to cope with fine dust in everyday life, and strengthening the will of action to reduce the occurrence of fine dust. Third, the environmental education program on fine dust has a positive effect on the change of elementary school students'' perception of the environment. As a result of analyzing the interview with the students, after the program was processed, they were interested in not only fine dust but also other environmental pollution, and it was effective to continue the practice for environmental protection in everyday life. Based on the results of the study, the following suggestions are made for future research. First, in this study, pre- and post-examination was conducted on the same group to analyze the effectiveness of the program. Follow-up research using the design of pre-post inspection control groups is needed to more systematically check the effects of environmental education programs related to fine dust on elementary school students'' knowledge, perception and attitude Second, it is necessary to conduct follow-up studies to verify whether the effect of this method can be generalized in more learning sites by expanding the environmental education program on fine dust used in this study. Third, since this study has proved that the environmental education program on fine dust causes positive changes in the knowledge, perception and attitude of elementary school students about fine dust, further studies should be conducted to develop various and abundant environmental education programs related to fine dust.
* Keyword : Fine dust education, Knowledge and Perception of Fine Dust, attitude toward fine dust
* A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Education. * This paper was prepared by revising and supplementing the paper published by the Korean Environmental Society in March 2020.
목차
- 목 차 -Ⅰ. 서 론 ·················································································· 11. 연구의 필요성과 목적 ······························································· 12. 연구문제 ················································································· 53. 용어의 정의 ············································································· 54. 연구의 제한점 ·········································································· 6Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 ········································································· 71. 미세먼지 ················································································· 72. 선행연구 고찰 ········································································ 12Ⅲ. 연구방법 및 절차 ································································ 161. 연구 절차 ·············································································· 162. 연구 대상 ·············································································· 183. 연구 설계 ·············································································· 184. 검사 도구 ·············································································· 195. 자료 처리 방법 ········································································ 216. 미세먼지에 관한 환경교육 프로그램 수업 내용 ····························· 21Ⅳ. 연구 결과 및 논의 ······························································ 241. 미세먼지에 관한 환경교육 프로그램이 초등학생의 미세먼지에 대한 지식·인식에 미치는 영향 ························································· 242. 미세먼지에 관한 환경교육 프로그램이 초등학생의 미세먼지에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향 ································································ 263. 미세먼지에 관한 환경교육 프로그램이 초등학생의 환경에 대한 인식변화에 미치는 영향 ·························································· 28Ⅴ. 결론 및 제언 ······································································ 341. 결론 ······················································································ 342. 제언 ······················································································ 35참고문헌 ················································································· 37ABSTRACT ············································································ 42부록 ······················································································· 45