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초록· 키워드
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In December 1946, the Indochina war began. The war appeared during the first phase(1946-1949), ‘simply’ as a franco-vietnamese affair. The French objective was only to reconquer the colony. Until the end of 1949, the French people had attempted to restore their authority over the entire Vietnam and the Indochinese conflict remained principally a colonial war, an affair to be resolved within the ‘French Union’.
During the next four years(1950-1954), the struggle in Vietnam became a major international conflict between the capitalistic and communistic powers. The communist Mao Zedong’s victory in China, the arrival of his troops at the northern frontier of Vietnam, the recognition of Ho Chi Minh’s government by the communist bloc and that of the conservative Bao-Daï’s regime by ‘the West’, the beginning of the Korean war : within a few months, these events completely modified the war picture and led the conflict into a cold war. In the official discourses, the rejection of world communism replaced the restoration of French supremacy. In reality, the French government adhered obstinately to the concept of ‘Associated States’ of which they only recognized the internal autonomy. Henceforth, the colonial aspect being minor, the French imperialistic state of mind had not disappeared. The Vietminh denounced the collusion between French colonialism and American imperialism. France became known as the ‘foot soldier of the free world’, and fought to maintain the French Union.
However, the French people were mostly indifferent to this remote part of Asia. If the future of Indochina - ‘pearl of the East’ - worried legitimately the different governments and colonial groups, one cannot say that the problem arose for the general public. For the French public, the Indochinese conflict was important as far as it weighed heavily on the country’s finances. The public opinion, in spite of its almost unconditional adhesion to ‘colonial France’, had expressed very discreetly, throughout the war, its attachment to ‘French Indochina’. In brief, the French presence in Indochina was generally accepted by the widespread population, and integrated into the collective consciousness, but there were no fervent movements that the advocates tried to instigate.
During the next four years(1950-1954), the struggle in Vietnam became a major international conflict between the capitalistic and communistic powers. The communist Mao Zedong’s victory in China, the arrival of his troops at the northern frontier of Vietnam, the recognition of Ho Chi Minh’s government by the communist bloc and that of the conservative Bao-Daï’s regime by ‘the West’, the beginning of the Korean war : within a few months, these events completely modified the war picture and led the conflict into a cold war. In the official discourses, the rejection of world communism replaced the restoration of French supremacy. In reality, the French government adhered obstinately to the concept of ‘Associated States’ of which they only recognized the internal autonomy. Henceforth, the colonial aspect being minor, the French imperialistic state of mind had not disappeared. The Vietminh denounced the collusion between French colonialism and American imperialism. France became known as the ‘foot soldier of the free world’, and fought to maintain the French Union.
However, the French people were mostly indifferent to this remote part of Asia. If the future of Indochina - ‘pearl of the East’ - worried legitimately the different governments and colonial groups, one cannot say that the problem arose for the general public. For the French public, the Indochinese conflict was important as far as it weighed heavily on the country’s finances. The public opinion, in spite of its almost unconditional adhesion to ‘colonial France’, had expressed very discreetly, throughout the war, its attachment to ‘French Indochina’. In brief, the French presence in Indochina was generally accepted by the widespread population, and integrated into the collective consciousness, but there were no fervent movements that the advocates tried to instigate.
목차
Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 전쟁의 첫 번째 국면(1946 - 1949) : 식민지 재정복을 위한 원정
Ⅲ. 전쟁의 두 번째 국면(1950 - 1954) : 냉전체제 하에서의 인도차이나 전쟁
Ⅳ. ‘프랑스 공화국은 디엔 비엔 푸에서 운명을 다했다’ (La Reublique est morte a Dien Bien Phu)
Ⅴ. 맺음말
불문초록
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