지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
The population redistribution policy of Korea may be summarized as follows:
1. Decentralization of industries.
2. Construction of new towns including development of temporary administrative city.
3. Development of growth poles.
1. The decentralization of industries as a means of population dispersion has been widely debated and proven to be effective in many other countries. As pointed out before, the decentralization of industries has a widely varying degree of impacts on population dispersion according to the nature of industrial re-location programs.
2. The construction of new towns and the development of administrative cities have proven to be effective as a population redistribution policy in socialist countries and Japan. These example do not guarantee success if such policy is applied in Korea. The success depends on the amount of the concomitant investment to be made in educational and cultural facilities in the new towns.
3. The development of growth poles as a means of population dispersion has not proved to be successful in the Eastern Block Countries and Japan. However, this may be the optimal means of dispersion population for Korea when one considers her present level of economic development.
(1) The development of farming sector and (2) the slow-down of farming population exodus into cities should be considered as a viable alternative program for population dispersion policy. We cannot cite many examples in other countries where the development and improvement of farming sector has been successful as a means of dispersing population. However, Japan's development of her northern areas has not only improved the standard of living in Hokkaido but also contributed to population dispersion.
Discussant Yoon, Jong Ju:
Population movements in Korea have resulted in the concentration of people in cities and the reduction of farming households. In the Sixties, the population of the nation converged into Seoul. As a result, the population dispersion policy emphasized the "slowing-down" of the population movements in to Seoul. This policy has shown some success in that the rate of population growth in Seoul has decreased since 1970 and the more so since 1975. This phenomenon, however, is confined to the city of Seoul. The surrounding areas have shown an increasing rate of population growth.
The above indicates that population policy and population dispersion program should be conducted with long-range planning, if they were to be successful. However, such has not been the case.
It should also be pointed out that population policy should be a comprepensive program encompassing population, economic and social aspects. Korean population policy has not been such comprehensive program. The population policy in the Eighties should not confine itself in decreasing the rate of population growth. Instead, it should focus on improving the quality of population and thereby, increasing the manpower of high quality. In order to carry out such policy, investment should be made to improve the data on population, in particular, on children.
Discussant Kim, Sun Dong:
Korean population policy does not possess foresight and is segmented without a clearly formulated long range goal.
One inevitable and undeniable fact appears to be that three quarters of the nation's population will eventually settle in urban cities. There are many problems associated with the population concentration in the urban areas. First, there exist the well-known problems of environments and traffic congestions in urban centers. Second, there are the problems associated with the effective utilization of the nation's land and natural resources. Third, there are the geopolitical issues related to the national defense and security. Although we recognize these problems, it should be also pointed out that population concentration in cities is an inevitable result and cause of economic development.
Is the current population policy sound? This is a challenging topic for this seminar. I propose that social-economic and other secondary problems be included in the subject matters to be considered in this seminar.
Other discussants have indicated that the polices dealing with the problems arising from the urban absorption of rural labor have not been well-planned and executed. In particular, the policy of dispersing the low income people to the perimeters of cities is ill conceived and does not solve the traffic problems of mid-town areas.
Farming population has declined in number dreastically in the recent years. This has resulted in narrowing the income gap between rural and urban areas. In addition, this has spurred the mechanization of farming in Korea.
1. Decentralization of industries.
2. Construction of new towns including development of temporary administrative city.
3. Development of growth poles.
1. The decentralization of industries as a means of population dispersion has been widely debated and proven to be effective in many other countries. As pointed out before, the decentralization of industries has a widely varying degree of impacts on population dispersion according to the nature of industrial re-location programs.
2. The construction of new towns and the development of administrative cities have proven to be effective as a population redistribution policy in socialist countries and Japan. These example do not guarantee success if such policy is applied in Korea. The success depends on the amount of the concomitant investment to be made in educational and cultural facilities in the new towns.
3. The development of growth poles as a means of population dispersion has not proved to be successful in the Eastern Block Countries and Japan. However, this may be the optimal means of dispersion population for Korea when one considers her present level of economic development.
(1) The development of farming sector and (2) the slow-down of farming population exodus into cities should be considered as a viable alternative program for population dispersion policy. We cannot cite many examples in other countries where the development and improvement of farming sector has been successful as a means of dispersing population. However, Japan's development of her northern areas has not only improved the standard of living in Hokkaido but also contributed to population dispersion.
Discussant Yoon, Jong Ju:
Population movements in Korea have resulted in the concentration of people in cities and the reduction of farming households. In the Sixties, the population of the nation converged into Seoul. As a result, the population dispersion policy emphasized the "slowing-down" of the population movements in to Seoul. This policy has shown some success in that the rate of population growth in Seoul has decreased since 1970 and the more so since 1975. This phenomenon, however, is confined to the city of Seoul. The surrounding areas have shown an increasing rate of population growth.
The above indicates that population policy and population dispersion program should be conducted with long-range planning, if they were to be successful. However, such has not been the case.
It should also be pointed out that population policy should be a comprepensive program encompassing population, economic and social aspects. Korean population policy has not been such comprehensive program. The population policy in the Eighties should not confine itself in decreasing the rate of population growth. Instead, it should focus on improving the quality of population and thereby, increasing the manpower of high quality. In order to carry out such policy, investment should be made to improve the data on population, in particular, on children.
Discussant Kim, Sun Dong:
Korean population policy does not possess foresight and is segmented without a clearly formulated long range goal.
One inevitable and undeniable fact appears to be that three quarters of the nation's population will eventually settle in urban cities. There are many problems associated with the population concentration in the urban areas. First, there exist the well-known problems of environments and traffic congestions in urban centers. Second, there are the problems associated with the effective utilization of the nation's land and natural resources. Third, there are the geopolitical issues related to the national defense and security. Although we recognize these problems, it should be also pointed out that population concentration in cities is an inevitable result and cause of economic development.
Is the current population policy sound? This is a challenging topic for this seminar. I propose that social-economic and other secondary problems be included in the subject matters to be considered in this seminar.
Other discussants have indicated that the polices dealing with the problems arising from the urban absorption of rural labor have not been well-planned and executed. In particular, the policy of dispersing the low income people to the perimeters of cities is ill conceived and does not solve the traffic problems of mid-town areas.
Farming population has declined in number dreastically in the recent years. This has resulted in narrowing the income gap between rural and urban areas. In addition, this has spurred the mechanization of farming in Korea.
목차
1. 서론
2. 도시화의 양상
3. 토론
SUMMARY
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