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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
부산대학교 법학연구소 법학연구 法學硏究 第43卷 第1號 通卷 第51號
발행연도
2002.12
수록면
99 - 113 (15page)

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One of the important issues in the lawsuits against Japan and Japanese people filed by Koreans, who suffered from Japanese rule of Korea, is wherther individual Korean nationals’ “property, rights, and interests” and “claims” were settled by the 1965 Agreement between Korea and Japan or not. This paper contemplates the issue in relation to the international laws and Japanese domestic laws.
Whether individual Korean nationals’ “property, rights, and interests” and “claims” were settled in addition to the Korean government’s right to diplomatic protection is not clear by the text of the 1965 Agreement and related documents. The word “claims” is also not defined in the text of the Agreement or related documents. Ambiguity in the text requires recourse to “supplementary means of interpretation” under the Vienna Convention. For instance, during the “preparatory work” of the 1965 Agreement, the Japanese government consistently took the position that the Agreement did not compensate fur Korean rights or claims, and that if such claims arose, Japan would compensate for them.
Even before resorting to “supplementary means”, the Vienna Convention requires that any “subsequent practice” relating to the interpretation of the treaty be considered. The Korean and Japanese government’s interpretations of the Agreement have been clear and consistent, and aid in our understanding of the terms of the Agreement. According to the governments’ interpretations, only the two governments’ rights to diplomatic protection were extinguished by the 1965 Agreement. The governments have also stated that all “property, rights and interests” and all “claims” of individual nationals were not extinguished.
Japanese Legislation No. 144, which purportedly bars individual Korean nationals’ “property, rights and interests”, is invalid because it violates the Constitution of Japan and international customary law. However, even if Legislation No. 144 is deemed valid, it only bars “property, rights, and interests”, or already existing and established rights such as those reduced to a judgment. Individual “claims” were not extinguished by either the 1965 Agreement or by Japan’s internal measures.

목차

1. 문제의 소재
2. 조문의 불명확성
3. 조약의 해석
4. 조약의 교섭 기록
5. 한일 양국 정부의 해석
6. “추후의 관행”의 형성
7. 일본의 국내조치
8. 결론
Abstract

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