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한국셰익스피어학회 Shakespeare Review Shakespeare Review Vol.42 No.1
발행연도
2006.3
수록면
23 - 37 (15page)

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The striking clock in Julius Caesar is a undeniable mistake. Everyone knew it for an anachronism. So it is that all annotated editions of the play carry a note to Act Ⅱ, scene ⅰ, line 192, duly explaining that Shakespeare erred at this point. However, the mistake is so clear and obvious, that it leads to such assumption that Shakespeare did know that he was committing an anachronism and he must have deliberately intended his readers to notice the anachronism. The use of a novel chronometric device in the representation of the old classic story, as a dramatic metaphor, plays an important role in giving special interpretations and meanings to Julius Caesar.
The anachronism in Julius Caesar is a useful device to trace the tragedy of Brutus, who is a real tragic hero in Julius Caesar. Brutus is a plotter in the dramatic sense, a man who has decided to author and produce a tragedy entitled "Julius Caesar." What he wants is not a bare assassination, but a tragedy of classical, almost Aristotelian, purity. According to his dramatic theory, only the tragic hero, Julius Caesar, not Antony, is to be killed, and the killing itself is to be a ritual, a sacrifice, and even beautiful. But he is only too successful. The classical style has disastrous consequences, because Brutus is utterly mistaken about the audience for whom the tragedy is intended. He is thinking of an audience of noble and capable of the moral discrimination which classical tragedy demands. The actual audience for his play is eager to be led, easily tricked, crude in their responses. For the success of a play, a dramatist, like a politician, must take account of the time and the temper of the people. As a result, Brutus is not guilty of treachery, but he is guilty of anachronism.
By using the concept of anachronism, Shakespeare also tries to diagnose the people who prided themselves of their classical knowledge and felt confident that they could judge their own day in the name of pre-established standards. Although Shakespeare's contemporaries and competitors, who mocked at this mistake as "small Latin and less Greek," knew very well that no clock ever struck in ancient Rome, they did not know what the clock stuck in their own day. They were isolated in the classical sources without communicating with the present. This is a point of Shakespeare's anachronism, precisely calculated and placed with shrewd irony so that it would serve as an acid test for his critics. The anachronism in Julius Caesar can be not only a dramatic metaphor to analyze the play, but also a dramatic response for criticism against his creativity. In conclusion, the striking clock in Julius Caesar can be considered as a 'dramatic' mistake.

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