This paper is focused on the alternation phenomenon of case markers and tried to clarify the causes which the directional case markers and the instrumental case markers institute the object case markers between the alternation phenomenon of the adverbial case markers and the object case markers in Yanbian region language. This paper is focused on the practical forms of the case markers in daily life than theoretical possibilities of alternation of the case markers. This paper adopts the view that the alternation phenomenon of the adverbial case markers and the object case markers is associated with the structure of article and tries to research the causes of the substitute of case markers based on the principles of hierarchical connection after analyzing the surface structure and deep structure. This paper is expected to contribute to understanding the case markers in Yanbian region language.