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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
김태호 (전북대학교)
저널정보
역사비평사 역사비평 역사비평 2017년 여름호(통권 제119호)
발행연도
2017.5
수록면
270 - 301 (33page)
DOI
10.38080/crh.2017.05.119.270

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This article critically reviews the usage of the word ‘science’ in the Park Chung Hee Era (1962~1979), specifically in rural communities in conjunction with the word ‘agriculture’. Although it is still under debate how to evaluate the development of science and technology in the Park Era, few have raised a question on the definition of the term ‘science’ itself at the time. If the meaning of the term ‘science’ is socially constructed, it would be important to review what it actually referred to, and which expectations was embedded to it.
Early examples of combination of ‘science’ and ‘agriculture’ is found in newspaper articles in the Japanese Colonial Rule(1910~1945), which stigmatized traditional agricultural knowledge and practices as ‘retarded’ and urged Korean farmers to embrace the modern and ‘scientific’ Japanese cultivars and agricultural techniques. After the liberation, the term ‘scientific agriculture’ intermittently appeared in mass media, but its meaning remained largely vague. e turning point was the nationwide propagation of new rice ‘Tongil’ from 1972. e Tongil rice was a remarkably high-yielding variety, but it must be cultivated according to meticulous instruction of extension agents. Tongil rice soon was represented as the incarnation of ‘scientific agriculture’, which promised farmers higher yields and more income, contingent upon their commitment to the state’s instruction. is new attitude of “higher input and higher output” was the true meaning of the ‘scientific agriculture’, and it was the essence of Saemaeul Movement as well. By the early 1980s, however, Tongil rice lost its popularity owing to its vulnerability to diseases, and the slogan of ‘scientific agriculture’ became a vague cliche again.

목차

1. 머리말
2. 농업 관련 논의에서 ‘과학’이라는 낱말의 등장
3. 전국민적 동원체제 아래의 ‘과학영농’
4. 맺음말: 과학기술이라는 개념의 역사성

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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2018-020-000865177