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Purpose: Many studies have reported that pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS) can cause anaphylaxis. No comprehensive investigationsinto anaphylaxis in PFAS have been conducted, however. In this study, we investigated the clinical manifestations andrisk factors for anaphylaxis in PFAS in Korean patients with pollinosis. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from a nationwide cross-sectional study that previously reported on PFAS in Koreanpatients with pollinosis. Data from 273 patients with PFAS were collected, including demographics, list of culprit fruits and vegetables,and clinical manifestations of food allergy. We analyzed 27 anaphylaxis patients and compared them with patients withPFAS with oropharyngeal symptoms only (n=130). Results: The most common cause of anaphylaxis in PFAS was peanut (33.3%), apple (22.2%), walnut (22.2%), pine nut (18.5%),peach (14.8%), and ginseng (14.8%). Anaphylaxis was significantly associated with the strength of sensitization to alder, hazel,willow, poplar, timothy, and ragweed (p<0.05, respectively). Multivariable analysis revealed that the presence of atopic dermatitis[odds ratio (OR), 3.58; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25–10.23; p=0.017]; sensitization to hazel (OR, 5.27; 95% CI, 1.79–15.53;p=0.003), timothy (OR, 11.8; 95% CI, 2.70–51.64; p=0.001), or ragweed (OR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.03–9.87; p=0.045); and the number ofculprit foods (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.15–1.37; p<0.001) were related to the development of anaphylaxis in PFAS. Conclusion: The most common culprit foods causing anaphylaxis in PFAS were peanut and apple. The presence of atopic dermatitis;sensitization to hazel, timothy, or ragweed; and a greater number of culprit foods were risk factors for anaphylaxis in PFAS.

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