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한국사학회 사학연구 사학연구 제75호
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2004.9
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1 - 23 (23page)

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Jeonyeon(前燕) was the first regime founded by Seonbijok(鮮卑族), From the tactical aspect, it meant that the main force switched from chariots pulled by horses to cavalry riding the horses. Jeonyeon, Huyeon and Sill, which were branches of Seonbijok, organized cavalry as their main force and strengthened cooperation between the infantry and the cavalry, and invaded Koguryo several tunes However, Koguryo organized a strong cavalry unit armed with Gwahama(果下馬) and Maekgung(貊弓) It coped with the invasions first through defensive wars of "defend first fight second(先守後戰)" based on mountain fortresses, and when the enemy troops were demoralized attacked them with the cavalry. Moyonghwang(幕容?) of Jeonyeon Invaded Koguryo in 342. At that tune, Koguryo could be reached through the plane northern route(北道) or though the rugged narrow southern route(南道). Moyounghwang deployed ills main force In the southern route defended by 15,000 weak soldiers rather than the northern route guarded by 50,000 elite troops, and took Hwando-seong(丸都城) Main factors of the victory of Jeonyeon's army were: first, the spearhead composed of cavalry soldiers Spied out the landform and the condition of Koguryo and reported to the main body of the troops, second, they held the initiative of war by isolating and falling Mokjeo-seong(木底城) near Sojaha(小子河) from which Koguryo's southern route began, and third, the mobility of Jeonyeon's cavalry was enhanced as the troops went to war ill November when the river froze. On the other hand, the defeat of Koguryo's army resulted from differences ill fighting power between the two countries. That is, Jeonyeon's army introduced cavalry tactics of nomadic tribes as well as chariots of the Han race and, as a result, Its destructive power was significantly augmented Koguryo, however, relied on Its steep topographic condition and did not attached Jeonyeon's army from the side or the rear, Moyongseong(幕容盛), the king of Huyeon attacked Koguryo in 399 and fell Sin-seong(新城) and Namso-seong(南蘇城). The main reason for the defect of Koguryo's army was that Sin-seong was in an open land where the cavalry and chariot units earned out united operations. However, Koguryo won the victory at three wars in 401, 404 and 405. It was owed to Gwanggaeto(廣開土) the Great's fortification of the whole land through the expansion of armament and the development of strategies and tactics. The Sill Dynasty invaded Koguryo four nines. Its first invasion was with 300,000 naval and army forces in 598. Koguryo first stopped the enemy in Muryeora-seong and then prevented Sui's army from crossmg the Yoha(遼河) River at the east Side of nver At last, Sui's forces failed and withdrew to their own country. The second invasion was in 612, mobilizing 2,000,000 soldiers. Outnumbered, the Koguryo army responded thtough defensive strategies behind the wait The first confrontation was at Ogol-seong At that time, Koguryo anny attached Sui's military supply units that transported munitions, In addition General Euljimundeok(乙支文德)'s won the battle through an ambush strategy. The third invasion was in 613 led by Emperor Yangje(煬帝) himself, but Koguryo crushed tens of thousands of Sui's soldiers who were retreating in Yosu(遼水).

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머리말

Ⅰ. 高句麗의 前燕戰爭과 騎兵戰術

Ⅱ. 高句麗의 後燕戰爭과 騎兵戰術

Ⅲ. 高句麗의 隋戰爭과 騎兵戰術

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