본 연구는 태권도 선수들을 대상으로 발차기 수행력 수준에 따른 체간 및 슬관절의 등속성 근기능과 무산소성 파워에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 K 대학교 태권도 선수 10명을 대상으로 발차기 수행력이 높은 KPH 집단 6명과 발차기 수행력이 낮은 KPL집단 4명에게 요부, 고관절 그리고 슬관절의 등속성 근기능과 무산소성 파워 검사를 실시하여 수집한 자료를 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 구간별 발차기 수행력을 비교분석한 결과, KPL 집단이 KPH 집단보다 통계적으로 유의하게 발차기 수행력이 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 발차기 피로지수에서도 KPL 집단이 KPH 집단보다 유의하게 높은 발차기 피로지수를 보였다. 둘째, 발차기 수행력에 따른 등속성 근기능을 비교 분석한 결과, 고관절 신전시에서만 최대근력, 평균파워평균최대근력에서 KPH집단이 KPL집단에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 근기능을 보였다. 요부 굴곡시 150˚/sec에서만 평균파워가 KPL집단이 KPH집단에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 셋째, 발차기 수행력에 따른 무산소성 파워와 상관관계를 분석한 결과 ,발차기 수행력이 높을수록 최대파워, 평균파워, 무산소성 피로지수에 유의한 정적(+)의 상관관계가 있었다 하지만 발차기 피로지수에 있어서는 유의한 부적(-)의 상관관계를 보였다. 넷째, 발차기 수행력에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석한 결과, 고관절 신전시 평균 최대근력, 무산소성 최대파워, 요부 굴곡시 평균파워, 요부 신전시 평균파워가 발차기 수행력에 영향을 미치는 가장 높은 변수로 나타났으며, 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 보였다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합해 볼 때, 태권도 선수들의 발차기 수행력이 높을수록 고관절과 요부의 등속성 신전력과 무산소성 최대파워가 높은 결과를 보였다. 이를 통해 태권도 선수의 경기력 향상을 위해서는 무산소성 파워와 체간 근육을 함께 발달시킬 수 있는 운동 프로그램이 필요하다고 생각된다.
The purpose of this study is to provide basic materials to improve performance of kicks of Taekwondo players by analyzing the effect of performance of kicks of Taekwondo players on isokinetic muscle functions of truncus and knee joint, and anaerobic power. Subjects were 10 Taekwondo players attending the K University and divided into two groups: KPH of 6 members with high performance of kicks and KPL of 4 with low performance. Each player participated in medical tests including a test of isokinetic muscle functions for lumbar joint, hip joint and knee joint, and an anaerobic power test. Results are as below. First, in the wingate anaerobic power test, all measuring variables (Peak Power, Mean Power, Total Work, Anaerobic Fatigue Index) were not significantly different both in KPH and KPL groups. Second, in the test of performance of kicks by section, there was significant difference (F=28.865, p<.005) between groups. According to verification of difference by section between groups, the KPL group had lower performance of kicks in section 2 (t=-3.437, p<.01), section 3 (t=-3.072, p<.01) and section 4 (t=-4.481, p<.01) than the KPH group. In addition, in the test of Kick Fatigue Index (KFI), it appeared significantly higher in the KPL group (t=3.312, p<.05) than in KPH. Third, change in lactic acid was not significantly different between groups after they performed kicks for 2 minutes, and each group did not show significant difference in blood-gathering period either. Fourth, according to the result of the test of isokinetic muscle functions, when each group extended their hip joint only, the KPH group displayed higher muscle functions in maximum muscular strength (t=-4.277, p<.01), mean power (t=-2.406, p<.05), and mean maximum mean muscular strength (t=-6.659, p<.001) compared with KPL. In the test of isokinetic muscle functions for lumbar joint, the KPL group had higher mean power in angular velocity of 150˚/sec flexion only than KPH (t=2.319, p<.05). Fifth, according to analyzing correlation between anaerobic power and performance of kicks, the more performance of kicks was improved, the more there showed significantly positive relationship between peak power (r=.826, p<.01), mean power (r=.719, p<.05) and anaerobic fatigue index (r=.659, p<.05). However, in KFI (r=-.860, p<.01), there was significantly negative relationship. Sixth, according to analysis of factors influencing performance of kicks, while hip joint was extended, lumbar joint remained flexional, and lumbar joint was extended, mean maximum muscular strength (r=.831) and anaerobic peak power (r=.826), mean power (r=-.718), and mean power (r=.226) were significant variables (p<.001) respectively which highly affected performance of kicks. Based on the result of this study, the more Taekwondo players showed better performance of kicks, the higher isokinetic flexibility and anaerobic peak power in hip joint and lumbar joint were shown. Accordingly, it can be necessary to make sports programs which can help develop anaerobic peak power and isokinetic muscular strength, in particular extended muscle of truncus to improve performance of Taekwondo players.