생태적 불매운동은 지난 몇 년간 지속적으로 증가하고 있어서 이를 이해하는 것이 현장을 더 잘 이해하는데 중요하게 되었다. 경제적, 종교적, 사회적, 정치적 동기에서 비롯된 불매운동은 기존에 광범위하게 연구된 반면 생태적 차원의 불매운동은 추가적인 연구를 필요로 한다. 이에 본 연구는 생태적 불매운동 동기(EBMS)를 측정하기 위한 척도를 개발하고자 하였다. 구체적으로 본 연구에서는 1) 소비자들이 생태적 불매운동에 참여하는 의사결정에 영향을 미치는 동기가 무엇인지를 파악하고, 2) 이들 동기를 직접적으로 측정할 수 있는 측정도구를 개발하고자 하였다. 먼저 소비자 동기 파악을 위해서 실제 생태적 불매운동에 참여자들을 대상으로 심층 면접을 실시했다. 심층 면담에서 확인된 생태적 불매 운동의 동기는 수단 - 결과 사슬과 사다리 기법의 과정을 통해 분석되었다. 그 결과 생태적 불매운동에 참여하는 소비자의 동기는 1) 환경 친화적 지속 가능한 의식, 2) 건강 의식, 3) 자기 개선, 4) 삶의 의미, 5) 안전으로 파악되었다. 두 번째로 생태적 불매운동의 동기 부여 구조(즉, EBMS 척도)의 다섯 가지로 제안된 영역을 측정하는 척도를 개발하고 정제 및 검증하였다. 생태적 불매운동의 다섯 개 영역을 대표하는 186개의 항목은 문헌 검토 및 실제 생태적 불매운동 참여자들을 대상으로 한 자유로운 의견 개진을 바탕으로 만들어졌다. 척도 개발 작업 후, 생태적 블매 운동 동기 부여의 5개 영역(즉, EBMS 척도)을 나타내는 37개 항목의 척도가 신뢰할 수 있고 타당한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 중요한 결과가 나왔다. 첫째, 생태적 불매 운동 동기의 단순화 된 정의로 "생태 환경에 해를 끼치는 기업의 제품을 사거나 소비하기를 거부하고, 불만을 표명하면서 기업의 행동을 개선하는 것을 목표로 소비자의 의지를 움직이는 힘"이 제안되었고 또한 다섯 가지 생태적 불매 운동의 동기를 포함하는 영역이 제안되었다. 둘째, 불매운동 참여자들을 통한 인터뷰와 전문가 패널을 기반으로 한 일련의 심리적 측정 영역, 척도 및 항목이 개발되고 테스트되었으며 타당성이 있는 것으로 나타났다.
Ecological boycott has been grown during the past years, and it becomes important to understand this field better. While motivations for economic, religious, social, political boycotts have previously been investigated, the motives for ecological boycott participation require further investigation. The current study aims to develop the scale for measuring the ecological boycott motivation (EBMS). The two studies of the current study are to investigate a) the motivations that influence consumers in decisions to participate in ecological boycott and b) the use of a measurement model that examines the ecological boycott motivations. The first study involved exploratory analysis based on means-end chain theory, and the second study involved exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to confirm the domains of ecological boycott motivation scale. The first study conducted 60 in-depth interviews with the boycotter who had participated in the actual ecological boycott behavior. The motivation of the ecological boycott behavior mentioned by the respondents identified in the in-depth interview was analyzed through the process of means-end chain method and the laddering technique. The results showed that the motivations of consumers to participate in the ecological boycott were 1) Environmentally Sustainable Consciousness, 2) Health Consciousness, 3) Self-Enhancement, 4) Meaning in Life, and 5) Security. Based on the exploration of domains comprising an ecological boycott motivation construct, the second study was implemented to develop, refine, and validate a scale measuring the five proposed domains of an ecological boycott motivation construct (i.e., EBMS). 186 items representing five domains of an ecological boycott motivation were generated based on a literature review and a free-thought elicitation task using current boycotter of the ecological boycott. After a scale development procedure, a 37-items instrument representing five domains of an ecological boycott motivation (i.e., EBMS) was shown to be reliable and valid. The study resulted in significant findings. First, a simplified definition of an ecological boycott motivation was developed that is “force that moves the individual’willingness to refuse to buy or consume products from a company that harms the ecological environment, aims to express displeasure and improve the company"s behavior” and five domains comprising an ecological boycott motivation were proposed. Second, based upon boycotter interviews and an expert panel, a set of psychometric domains, scales, and items were developed and tested and found to be valid. The research addresses our understanding of human motivation with the ecological boycott. It provides empirical support for what has not previously been conceptually investigated. It also provides a valid method for boycott"s organizers and targeted company to evaluate the ecological boycott and determine factors that can be modified. The results of this study were then discussed followed by recommendations for future research directions. The main aim of the research was to explore the potential motivations that influence consumer decisions concerning ecological boycotts and to develop the measurement of the ecological boycott motivation. Two basic studies were conducted. The first study consisted of means-end chain analysis, and the second study converted the findings into a scale and tested them as a model. The resulting of the first study indicates five domains comprising an ecological boycott motivation construct: Environmentally Sustainable Consciousness, Health Consciousness, Self-Enhancement, Meaning in Life, and Security. The second study was to develop a valid and reliable scale to measure the five domains using the scale development procedure outlined by Churchill (1979). The resulting scale measures the five correlated aspects of ecological boycott motivation with 37-items. The scale possesses acceptable reliability, and preliminary assessments of scale validity were successful.