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ObjectiveThe purpose of the current study was to compare the circulating levels of visfatin between women with polycysticovary syndrome (PCOS) and those without PCOS and to assess the correlations between visfatin levels and variousparameters. MethodsThis case-control study recruited 74 PCOS patients and 74 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls. Serumvisfatin levels were evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Women with PCOS were divided into2 subgroups based on the presence of clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism. The possible differences in serumvisfatin levels between the hyperandrogenic and non-hyperandrogenic groups were also assessed. ResultsVisfatin levels in PCOS patients were similar to those in the controls. However, hyperandrogenic patients hadsignificantly higher mean serum visfatin levels than those in non-hyperandrogenic patients (3.87 ng/mL; 95%confidence intervals [CIs], 3.09–4.85 in hyperandrogenic group vs. 2.69 ng/mL; 95% CIs, 2.06–3.52 in nonhyperandrogenicgroup; P=0.038). In women with PCOS, visfatin levels positively correlated with BMI (r=0.23; P=0.047)and the log free androgen index (FAI) (r=0.27; P=0.021) and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol levels (r=−0.37; P=0.025). Except for HDL cholesterol levels, these correlations were also observed incontrols. ConclusionVisfatin levels in PCOS patients were similar to those in the controls. However, hyperandrogenic patients showedsignificantly higher serum visfatin levels than those of non-hyperandrogenic patients, and visfatin had a positivelinear correlation with FAI in both PCOS patients and controls.

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