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초록· 키워드
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Hinduism has the most elaborate tradition of living Goddess worship of all the world's religions. Hindu conceptions of female deities and the Great Goddess stem from the ?akti, the supreme female power. ?akti is the source of all creation and sustain the world.
The question of the relationship between Hindu goddesses and women in Indian society is so complex. By virtue of the common feminine nature of the goddess and the women, women are in some contexts regarded as special manifestations of the Goddess. And women are regarded as sharing in her powers. Nevertheless, the existence of the Hindu Goddess has not appeared outwardly to have benefitted women's position in Indian society.
In the early India, women enjoyed a higher status in the tribal belts where the cult of the mother goddess was widely prevalent. Since in the Sanskrit texts they were bracjeted with the ??dras, it was only proper that their ritual status be also raised, and this was done by prescribing Tantric initiation for them. The cult of mother goddess acquire an outstanding place in the literature only in the sixth century. The aboriginal mother goddesses came to be worshipped in the form of ?akti. Tantricism therefore was the ultimate product of the brahmanical colonization of the tribal area through the process of land grant in the early medieval India.
From the time, the Goddess tradition of Tantricism has made a sweeping victory and has feminized Hinduism. It has overturned the structure of the existing Hindu myth. In the new structure, the feminine comes front of the mythical structure and the masculine was subdued down. Tanricism, yet, the mere the overturn of the outshape only. It never touched the essence of the existing male centered feudal society.
Nevertheless, on the one hand the Tantricism welcomed the ??dras and women in its rank, on the other hand it recognized the existing social and feudal hierarchy from which patriarchal system is the most prominent. Goddesses are not the product of the feminist society, but are the creation of the patriarchal males and serve their needs.
The question of the relationship between Hindu goddesses and women in Indian society is so complex. By virtue of the common feminine nature of the goddess and the women, women are in some contexts regarded as special manifestations of the Goddess. And women are regarded as sharing in her powers. Nevertheless, the existence of the Hindu Goddess has not appeared outwardly to have benefitted women's position in Indian society.
In the early India, women enjoyed a higher status in the tribal belts where the cult of the mother goddess was widely prevalent. Since in the Sanskrit texts they were bracjeted with the ??dras, it was only proper that their ritual status be also raised, and this was done by prescribing Tantric initiation for them. The cult of mother goddess acquire an outstanding place in the literature only in the sixth century. The aboriginal mother goddesses came to be worshipped in the form of ?akti. Tantricism therefore was the ultimate product of the brahmanical colonization of the tribal area through the process of land grant in the early medieval India.
From the time, the Goddess tradition of Tantricism has made a sweeping victory and has feminized Hinduism. It has overturned the structure of the existing Hindu myth. In the new structure, the feminine comes front of the mythical structure and the masculine was subdued down. Tanricism, yet, the mere the overturn of the outshape only. It never touched the essence of the existing male centered feudal society.
Nevertheless, on the one hand the Tantricism welcomed the ??dras and women in its rank, on the other hand it recognized the existing social and feudal hierarchy from which patriarchal system is the most prominent. Goddesses are not the product of the feminist society, but are the creation of the patriarchal males and serve their needs.
목차
Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 지존위 데위의 등장과 중세의 사회 통합
Ⅲ. 밀교 힌두교의 여성화에 나타난 사회
Ⅳ. 맺음말
【Abstract】
참고문헌 (30)
참고문헌 신청
1. [단행본] - Ajit Mukherjee / 1982 / Kundalini : The Arousal of the Inner Energy / Thames and Hudson : 60 ~ 61
2. [단행본] - Thomas Coburn / 1984 / Devi Mahatmya:The Crystalization of the Goddess Tradition / Motilal Banarsidass
3. [단행본] - D.N.Bose / 1996 / Tantras:Their Philosophy and Occult Secrets / Munshiram Manoharlal
4. [단행본] - John Stratton Hawley / 1996 / Devi: Goddesses of India / University of California Press
5. [단행본] - Wendell Charles Beane / 1997 / Myth, Cult and Symbols in ??kta Hinduism: A Study of the Indian Mother Goddess / E.J.Brill
2. [단행본] - Thomas Coburn / 1984 / Devi Mahatmya:The Crystalization of the Goddess Tradition / Motilal Banarsidass
3. [단행본] - D.N.Bose / 1996 / Tantras:Their Philosophy and Occult Secrets / Munshiram Manoharlal
4. [단행본] - John Stratton Hawley / 1996 / Devi: Goddesses of India / University of California Press
5. [단행본] - Wendell Charles Beane / 1997 / Myth, Cult and Symbols in ??kta Hinduism: A Study of the Indian Mother Goddess / E.J.Brill
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