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This article aims to investigate the volume of grain exports and its influence on serfdom in Russia during the first half of the nineteenth century.
Russia acquired enormous fertile lands in the south and export ports near by Black Sea and Sea of Azov in the second half of the eighteenth century. Between 1800's and the 1850's grain exports of Russia in-creased five-fold. Fluctuations of the volume of grain exports directly affected prices of grain in Russia
A raise of grain price stimulated Russian gentry to produce more grains for export. The Right-bank Ukraine (Podolia) and New Russia (Bessarabia, Crimea, Black Sea region, Azov Sea region) were incorporated into Russian Empire during the second half of the eighteenth century. This territory participated in grain exports through southern ports of Russia. Gentry in Little Russia (Ukraine), where serfdom relatively was developed, consolidated barshchina(corvee) for production of export grain. But gentry in Southern Steppe, thinly populated district, employed wage-workers, mostly peasants from central Russia.
'The crisis of serfdom' in the first half of the nineteenth century in Russia was related with various reactions of economic subjects on raise of demand for grain. There were consolidation of barshchina(corvee), the peak of serfdom, on the other hand, employment of wage-worker, a element of capitalism, But both were responses of privileged classes for making a good profit in the new situations, In generally these responses were depended on exploitation of peasants.
Russia acquired enormous fertile lands in the south and export ports near by Black Sea and Sea of Azov in the second half of the eighteenth century. Between 1800's and the 1850's grain exports of Russia in-creased five-fold. Fluctuations of the volume of grain exports directly affected prices of grain in Russia
A raise of grain price stimulated Russian gentry to produce more grains for export. The Right-bank Ukraine (Podolia) and New Russia (Bessarabia, Crimea, Black Sea region, Azov Sea region) were incorporated into Russian Empire during the second half of the eighteenth century. This territory participated in grain exports through southern ports of Russia. Gentry in Little Russia (Ukraine), where serfdom relatively was developed, consolidated barshchina(corvee) for production of export grain. But gentry in Southern Steppe, thinly populated district, employed wage-workers, mostly peasants from central Russia.
'The crisis of serfdom' in the first half of the nineteenth century in Russia was related with various reactions of economic subjects on raise of demand for grain. There were consolidation of barshchina(corvee), the peak of serfdom, on the other hand, employment of wage-worker, a element of capitalism, But both were responses of privileged classes for making a good profit in the new situations, In generally these responses were depended on exploitation of peasants.
목차
Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 19세기 전반 러시아의 경기변동
Ⅲ. 19세기 전반 러시아의 곡물수출
Ⅳ. 19세기 전반 러시아 농노제의 전개
Ⅴ. 맺음말
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