본 연구는 산업유형별(① 제조업, ② 서비스업Ⅰ, ③ 서비스업 Ⅱ, ④ 기타 업종) 민간 고용의무기업체의 장애인고용률에 미치는 영향을 세부요인별 장애인고용인식인 ① 장애인의 작업수행, ② 고용시 발생되는 비용, ③ 고용시 타인의 반응, ④ 기업의 사회적 책임관련 21개의 세부 요인이 장애인고용률에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 연구목적이 있다. 본 연구를 위해 2018년 기업체 실태조사 원자료를 활용되었으며, 본 연구 주제와 대상인 5,340부를 분석에 사용하였다. 자료처리는 빈도와 백분율, 변수간의 다중공선성(multicolinearity)은 Tolerance, 일원변량분석(One-Way ANOVA)과 집단간 차이는 사후검증(Scheffe’ test) 및 다중회귀분석(Multiple Regression Analysis: Enter Method)을 통해 연구문제를 검증하였다. 연구결과, 산업유형별 민간 고용의무기업체의 세부 요인별 장애인고용인식이 직접적으로 고용률에 미치는 영향 및 함의점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 작업수행 분석결과, ① 능력이 부족하다고 인식할수록(전체, 제조업, 서비스업 Ⅰ, Ⅱ), ② 임무를 수행할 수 없다고 인식하지 않을수록(전체, 서비스업 Ⅰ, Ⅱ), ③ 노동생산성이 부족하지 않다고 인식할수록(전체, 제조업, 서비스업 Ⅰ, Ⅱ, 기타 업종), ④ 지시수행능력 부족하다고 인식할수록(전체, 서비스업 Ⅱ) 장애인고용률은 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 고용비용 분석결과, ① 간접적 추가비용의 소요(전체, 서비스업 Ⅱ), ② 편의시설 설치비용 예측할수록(전체, 서비스업 Ⅰ), ③ 안전문제가 발생한다고 인식하지 않을수록(전체, 제조업, 서비스업 Ⅱ, 기타 업종) 장애인고용률은 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 타인반응 분석결과, ① 동료 직원들이 거부감을 갖는다고 인식할수록(전체, 서비스업Ⅱ), ② 의사소통문제가 발생한다고 인식하지 않을수록(전체, 제조업, 서비스업 Ⅱ, 기타 업종), ③ 동료직원들의 업무추진을 방해한다고 인식할수록(전체, 서비스업Ⅱ), ④ 장애인과의 관계 두려움(전체, 제조업, 서비스업 Ⅰ, Ⅱ), ⑤ 기업이미지 개선에 도움이 된다고 인식할수록(전체, 제조업, 서비스업 Ⅰ, 기타 업종) 장애인고용률은 높게 나타났다. 넷째, 사회적 책임도 분석결과, ① 기업의 사회적 책임이라고 인식할수록(전체, 제조업, 서비스업Ⅰ), ② 법률제도가 확대되어야 한다고 인식할수록(전체, 제조업, 서비스업 Ⅰ, Ⅱ, 기타 업종), ③ 장애인제도 때문에 의도적 고용을 한다고 인식할수록(전체, 서비스업 Ⅰ, Ⅱ, 기타 업종), ④ 적합직종개발이 필요하지 않다고 인식할수록(전체, 제조업, 기타 업종) 장애인고용률은 높게 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과 및 함의를 중심으로 산업유형별 고용의무기업체의 장애인고용률을 촉진시킬 수 있는 직업재활적 측면의 개입방안을 상세히 제시하였다.
This study aims to establish the effects of disabled employment perceptions on disability employment rates according to 21 detailed factors related to ① the work performance of the disabled, ② costs that occur upon employment, ③ the reactions of others upon employment, ④ the social responsibilities of companies of private employment obligated companies by industry type(① manufacturing industries, ② service industry Ⅰ, ③ service industry Ⅱ, ④ other industry types) by each detailed factor. For this study, raw data from disabled employment factual surveys of companies for the year 2018 were used and 5,340 surveys directly related to this study were used for analysis. Data processing was conducted with research problems verified using tolerance and One-Way ANOVA for frequency, percentage, and multicollinearity among variables and the Scheffe’ test and Multiple Regression Analysis: Enter Method for differences among groups. Research results showed that the effects of disabled employment perceptions according to detailed factors of private employment obligated companies by industry type on disability employment rates and implications are as follows. First, work performance analysis results showed that disability employment rates appeared higher ① the more it is perceived that abilities are lacking(general, manufacturing industries, service industries Ⅰ, Ⅱ), ② the more it is not perceived that duties cannot be performed(general, service industries Ⅰ, Ⅱ), ③ the more it is perceived that labor productivity is not lacking(general, manufacturing industries, service industries Ⅰ, Ⅱ, other industries), ④ the more it is perceived that instruction execution abilities are lacking(general, service industries Ⅱ). Second, analysis results of employment costs showed that disability employment rates appeared higher ① when indirect additional costs are spent(general, service industries Ⅱ), ② the more convenience facility installation costs are predicted(general, service industries Ⅰ), ③ the more it is not perceived that safety problems occur(general, manufacturing industries, service industries Ⅱ, other industries). Third, analysis results of the reactions of others showed that disability employment rates appeared higher ① the more it is perceived that work colleagues feel resistance(general, service industries Ⅱ), ② the more it is not perceived that communication problems occur(general, manufacturing industries, service industries Ⅱ, other industries), ③ the more it is perceived that it hinders the work promotion of work colleagues(general, service industry Ⅱ), ④ when relationships with the disabled are feared(general, manufacturing industries, service industries Ⅰ, Ⅱ), ⑤ the more it is perceived that it helps to improve the company’s image(general, manufacturing industries, service industry Ⅰ, other industries). Fourth, analysis results of social responsibilities showed that disability employment rates appeared higher ① the more it is perceived that it is the social responsibility of the company(general, manufacturing industries, service industry Ⅰ), ② the more it is perceived that legal systems must be expanded(general, manufacturing industries, service industries Ⅰ, Ⅱ, other industries), ③ the more it is perceived that obligatory employment is made due to systems for the disabled (general, service industries Ⅰ, Ⅱ, other industries), ④ the more it is perceived that appropriate occupation type developments are needed(general, manufacturing industries, other industries). Based on such research results and their implications, intervention plans of vocational rehabilitation aspects that can increase the disability employment rates of private employment obligated companies by industry type were proposed.