본 연구는 학교사회복지사의 직무분석 사례를 통해 학교사회복지사의 직무분석 경로와 절차 그리고 분석결과를 살펴보고 활용방안을 제안하였다. 이를 위하여 예비조사1회, 3회의 초점집단 면접(focus group interview)을 거쳐 전국 학교 상주 학교사회복지사 109명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며 회수된 71부의 자료에 대한 2차 자료분석을 통하여 직무분석이 이루어졌다. 직무분석의 전체 과정은 직무분석을 위한 팀을 구성하여 진행되었으며 준비 및 설계, 직무정보수집, 분석, 분석결과제시 단계로 이루어졌다. 본 연구의 직무분석은 학교사회복지 직무분류, 직무등급평가, 직무분포평가, 직무비중평가, 표준직무 제시를 중심으로 이루어졌다. 직무분류 및 직무등급 평가결과, 현재 진행 중인 학교사회복지 실천은 6개의 세부직무와 총 20개의 세부직무들이 분류되어졌다. 학교사회복지사 직무의 우선순위는 직무차원에서 빈도, 중요도, 우선도, 난이도 모두를 고려하였으며 그 결과 개별개입, 지역사회개입, 가족개입, 일반행정 및 기타, 학교체계지원, 집단개입의 순으로 조사되어졌다. 또한 직무 비중평가 결과, 개별개입직무가 25.18로서 가장 높은 비중으로 조사되어졌고 가족개입과 학교체계지원직무는 10.25, 11.14로 비교적 낮은 비중으로 나타났다. 이상적으로 적절하다고 평가되는 비중과의 차이에 있어 가족개입과 지역사회개입은 현재비중에 비해 높아져야할 비중으로 나타났고, 일반행정 및 기타업무의 비중은 현재비중에 비해 낮아져야 할 영역으로 나타났는데 실질적으로 이러한 업무비중상의 개선을 위해 학교교육 차원, 학교사회복지 사협회 차원, 직무자 개인차원 등에서 실질적인 교육훈련과 직무관리방안수립이 필요한 상황이다. 직무분석은 결과에 대한 분석뿐 아니라 전문직 내부에서 직무관리 및 인력양성에 활용되어져야만 의미가 있다는 전제하에 본 연구에서는 직무분석의 차후 활용방안으로서 학교사회복지사 직무체계 확립 및 관리, 교육훈련 및 인력개발, 인적자원 활용, 자율적 직무관리 도구로서의 기능 등을 제시하였다.
This study was attempted to examine the course and procedure of school social worker`s job analysis, and the results were reviewed and its utilization measures were presented through the case studies. For this purpose, a preliminary examination and three focus group interviews were done and questionnaires, for the survey, were distributed to 109 school social workers resided in schools all over the nation. Job analysis was done by means of the second data analysis over the 71 returned questionnaires. A job analysis team was established to precede the overall job analysis and the process included preparation, design, data collection, analysis, and the presentation of the results. Job analysis of this study was based on the job classification of school social workers, the evaluation of job ratings, the evaluation of job distribution, the evaluation of relative importance of jobs, and the presentation of job standard. From the results of the evaluation of the job classification and job ratings, the current practice of school social works was classified to 6 sub-jobs and 20 sub-jobs respectively. As for setting up the priority of school social worker`s job, all the factors including frequency, importance, priority, and difficulty were considered, and the results were seen in order of individual intervention, community intervention, family intervention, general administration and others, school system support, and group intervention. In addition, in regard to the evaluation of relative importance of jobs, an individual intervention job was the highest with 25.18 and jobs for family intervention and school system support were found relatively low to be 10.25 and 11.14, respectively. Comparing to ideal importance, jobs for family intervention and community intervention were required to be increased compared to current importance and a general administrative job and others were required to be lowered compared to current importance. For the substantial improvement of problems related with job importance, it was resulted that practical training programs and measures to manage jobs at the levels of school education, the school social worker association, and individuals are required. Taking into account considerations that job analysis is valuable when it is used for job management and the development of human resources within the profession as well as for the analysis of the results, this study suggests that further measures to utilize job analysis as a tool for establishing the system of school social worker`s job, training and developing of human resources, and utilizing of human resources, and an autonomic job management tool as well.