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Hypoxic damage is one of the major causes of islet graft failure and VEGF is known to play a crucial role in revascularization. To address the effectiveness of a cationic lipid reagent as a VEGF gene carrier, and the beneficial effect of VEGF-transfected islets on glycemic control, we used effectene lipid reagent in a transfection experiment using mouse islets. Transfection efficiencies were highest for 4 µg/µL cDNA and 25 µL effectene and cell viabilities were also satisfactory under this condition, and the over-production of VEGF mRNA and protein were confirmed from conditioned cells. A minimal number of VEGF-transfected islets (100 IEQ/animal) were transplanted into streptozotocin (STZ)-induced di-abetic mice. Hyperglycemia was not controlled in the islet transplantation (IT)-alone group (0/8) (non-diabetic glucose mice number/total recipient mice number) or in the IT-pJDK control vector group (0/8). However, hyperglycemia was completely abrogated in the IT-pJDK-VEGF transduced group (8/8), and viable isles and increased VEGF-transfected grafts vascularization were observed in renal capsules. These studies support the usefulness of VEGF-transfected islet delivery using a cationic lipid reagent to achieve euglycemia using a minimal number of islets.

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