본 연구는 기업체 주요 취업직종별 장애근로자의 상대적 빈곤여부에 영향을 미치는 요인을 개인적 특성(인구사회학적, 장애)관련, 건강관련, 가족관련, 소득보장관련, 고용관련 변수를 중심으로 취업직종별 장애근로자의 빈곤문제 해결을 위한 직업재활적 측면의 주요 개입방안을 모색하는데 그 연구목적이 있다. 본 연구를 위해 2016년 장애인고용패널조사(2차웨이브 1차조사)의 원자료(raw data)를 활용하였으며, 본 연구와 직접 관련이 있는 1,453부를 분석에 사용하였다. 자료처리는 빈도 와 백분율, 교차분석(χ2 test), 로지스틱 회귀분석(Logistic Regression Analysis)을 통해 연구문제를 검증하였다. 연구결과, 기업체 주요 취업직종별 장애근로자의 상대적 빈곤여부에 강하게 영향을 미치는 요인 및 함의점은 다음 과 같다. 첫째, 개인적 특성 변인(인구사회학적, 장애) 중, 남성 장애근로자가 여성 장애근로자 보다(사무직, 서비스·판 매직), 장애근로자의 연령이 증가할수록(사무직), 무배우자가 유배우자 보다 비해(사무직), 중소도시 거주자가 대도시 거주자 보다(생산직), 자격증 미보유자가 보유자 보다(전체, 생산직), 경증 장애근로자가 중증 장애근로자 보다(전체) 상대적 빈곤에 속할 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 건강관련 변인 중, 건강상태가 좋지 않은 장애근로자가 좋은 장애근로자 보다(전체, 단순노무직) 상대적 빈곤에 처할 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 가족관련 변인 중, 자가 미소유자가 자가 소유자 보다(전체) 상대적 빈곤에 속할 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 소득보장관련 변인 중, 사적이전소득이 적을수록 많은 장애근로자 보다(전체, 사무직, 서비스·판매직, 단순노무직), 공적이전소득이 적을수록 많은 장애근로자 보다(전체, 서비스·판매직) 상대적 빈곤에 처할 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 고용관련 변인 중, 비제조업체 종사자가 제조업체 종사자 보다(전체, 생산직, 단순노무직), 임금 등 보상이 적은 장애근로자가 많은 장애근로자에 보다(전체, 사무직, 서비스·판매직, 생산직, 단순노무직) 상대적 빈곤에 속할 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과 및 함의를 근거로 하여 기업체 주요 취업직종별 장애근로자의 상대적 빈곤문제가 해결될 수 있도록 취업직종별 특성이 반영된 직업재활적 측면의 개입방안을 제언하겠다.
The purpose of this study is to explore the factors affecting disabled workers’ relative poverty by major type of occupation and the key vocational rehabilitation-based intervention methods to solve the problem of disabled workers’ poverty by type of occupation or work, with a focus on personal characteristics (demographics, disability), health, family, income security, and employment-related variables. This study relied on the raw data of the 2016 Employment Panel Survey for Persons with Disability (2nd wave, 1st survey) and used 1,453 items thereof directly related to this study for analysis. As for data processing, this study used frequency, percentage, cross tabulation analysis (χ² test), and logistic regression analysis for verification purposes. In this study, the factors strongly affecting disabled workers’ relative poverty by major type of occupation and the implications thereof are as follows: First, as for variables related to personal characteristics (demographics, disability), the chance of relative poverty was higher for male disabled workers than for female disabled workers (administrative workers, service sales workers), older workers than for younger ones (administrative workers), unmarried disabled workers than for married ones (administrative workers), disabled workers living in medium to small-sized cities than for those living in large cities (production workers), disabled workers with no licenses than for those with licenses (all, production workers), and for workers with minor disabilities than for those with severe disabilities (all). Second, among health-related variables, the chance of poverty was higher for disabled workers with poor health than for those in good health (all, simple labor workers). Third, in the matter of family-related variables, the chance of relative poverty was higher for disabled workers not owning a house than for those owning one (all). Fourth, with reference to income security-related variables, the chance of relative poverty was higher for disabled workers with less private transfer income than for those with more private transfer income (all, administrative workers, service sales workers, simple labor workers) and for disabled workers with less public transfer income than for those with more public transfer income (all, service sales workers). Finally, concerning employment-related variables, the chance of relative poverty was higher for disabled workers employed by non-manufacturing companies than for those employed by manufacturing companies (all, production workers, simple labor workers) and for disabled workers with less wages and compensations than for those with more wages and compensations (all, administrative workers, service sales workers, production workers, simple labor workers). Based on these results and implications, this study will propose vocational rehabilitation-based intervention methods reflecting characteristics of the type of occupation, so that the problem of disabled workers" relative poverty by major type of occupation can be solved.